The Taiwan Polar Institute (hereinafter referred to as TaiPI) was established by the National Central University's regulations for research centers. The faculty of TaiPI members form an executive board and are responsible for participating in the board meetings. TaiPI also includes several task-based committees for specific affairs.
The director of TaiPI oversees the operations and activities of TaiPI. The director of the polar research station supervises the operation, maintenance, and logistics of the TaiArctic Station.

TaiPI has five divisions based on their missions as follows:
Advances the knowledge for multiple components of the Earth and their interactions, including atmosphere, cryosphere, geosphere, oceans, and the space. Develops geophysical and geospatial survey techniques for better Earth observations.
Focuses on the socio-economic impacts resulting from changes in Earth's systems. Explores strategic solutions on various topics, including Arctic routes, sustainable development, food and energy security, mitigation for rising sea levels, ecosystem protection, etc.
Collaborates with internal and external teams on science education and communication initiatives.
Handles administrative work about the TaiPI and the TaiArctic station.
Coordinates field campaigns and maintains the infrastructure and resources of the TaiArctic station.